Textbook on the modern level described clinical picture of nosological units, which were included to the curriculum on the speciality «Pediatric Surgery». Methods of diagnosis and treatment were proposed. It was shown basic malformations and diseases in children, described their causes, clinical course, differential diagnosis, methods of examination and treatment. Textbook was focused on the issues of pyo-inflammatory diseases, traumatic injuries of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space, benign and malignant tumors in children. For foreign students of the higher medical education establishments, master’s degree and postgraduate students.